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the IR3220S is a fully protected dual high side switch i.c that integrates an h?bridge motor controller with two very efficient high side mosfets in a single 20-pin package. the IR3220S combines with the two low side irf7484q mosfets as few as 10 external passive components to provide a complete, fully op- erational and fully protected h-bridge control actuator with for- ward, reverse, braking and non-braking modes without the need of a micro-controller. functional description the high side switches provide the direction capability and the h- bridge protection. the low side mosfets bring the flexibility by offering the high frequency switching ability. therefore, crude start-up of the motor is avoided and replaced by a smooth and stress-less speed ramp-up. the IR3220S features shoot-through protection for each leg, h- bridge logic control, soft-start sequence and over-current / over- temperature shutdown protections. two input signals (in1 & in2) select the operating modes while the pwm soft-start sequence cycles the corresponding active low side mosfet in order to limit the motor in-rush current. the soft-start sequence is pro- grammed by an rc time constant and reset itself automatically. thanks to the inner pwm oscillator, the IR3220S can also be the final stage of an overall torque or speed loop. if needed, an external clock may force the h-bridge switching operation. this can be combined with low frequency pwm operation through the in1(2) inputs. the IR3220S is a co-pack ips product offering very low rds(on) and a high level of functionality and protection. its open architec- ture and programmability helps the designer to optimize each motor drive upon the application requirements at a very low cost. for automotive actuators, the motor is kept shorted even during the low consumption sleep mode. shoot-through protection, over- temperature & over-current shutdowns, self-adaptive dead-time and pwm circuitries are described in details in the an 1032 application note. a general purpose method to help rating the soft-start sequence as well as layout and thermal considerations are also covered. finally, a 6a dc motor actuator with a pcb size down to 1 inch2 is suggested in the document. IR3220S data sheet no.pd60180-c fully protected h-bridge for d.c. motor features 8-lead soic irf7484q packages 20-lead soic (wide body) www.irf.com 1 programmable pwm in-rush current limitation (e.g 18a) 6 a continuous current capability without heat sink (2 x 13 m ? ? ? ? ? ) over-t emperature (165 c) and over-current (30a) protections 20 khz pwm oscillator embedded low & high frequency switching operation (self adaptive dead-time) easy speed / torque control (analog duty cycle input) braking / non-braking modes sleep mode (braking) for automotive actuator
IR3220S 2 www.irf.com functional block diagram (see an-1032 for a detailed description of each block) h bridge logic control & status feedback vcc vcc ss dg in 1 in 2 shoot-through protection m 2 g 1 m 1 m 2 g 2 oscillator gnd gnd + - soft start duty cycle s s reset over current shutdown over temp. protection vrc 5.5 v ref. 10 ma over current shutdown shoot-through protection low side driver low side driver 40 v active clam p 40 v active clam p 1k 50 50 0.5k thanks to the self-adaptive dead-time circuitry, the low side mosfet of each leg is driven in the opposite phase of the high side one without any conflict. thus, the single in1 signal turns on the leg m1 (and in2, the output m2). consequently, when both in1 and in2 are low, the quiescent state of the h-bridge is the braking mode (the two low side mosfets on). the over-temperature circuitry and the two over-current protections (one per leg) protect the ic and flag the dg pin. the thermal shutdown also covers the body diode over- heating. fault conditions are reset by cycling the corresponding in1(2) input. each leg appears independent so that the pwm soft-start management is greatly simplified and makes the 20khz oscillator block almost a separate function. the positive input of the pwm comparator is accessible on the ss pin. an external analog voltage or a rc network can either drive the duty cycle. it has to be said that a clock signal (< 20 khz) applied on this input will directly drive the low side mosfets. a 5v voltage source is embedded in the i.c ( switched off while in the sleep mode ) so that no additional power supply is needed for the soft-start rc time constant. its capacitor is discharged through the ?? ss reset ?? circuitry every time in1 equals in2. thus, the soft-start sequence is ready to operate whichever the formerly braking mode was.
IR3220S www.irf.com 3 soft-start sequence t t t in1 (in2) ss m1-m2 (m2-m1) duty cycle modulation follows ss voltage tss ( approximately 1.4 x rc time constant ) trd vss+ vss- truth table in1 in2 modes dg hs1 lss1 hs2 lss2 ss reset l l stand-by with braking - sleep mode** h off on off on on l h forward rotation (normal operation) h off on* on off off l h forward rotation (protection triggered) l off on* off off off h l reverse rotation (normal operation) h on off off on* off h l reverse rotation (protection triggered) l off off off on* off h h stand-by without braking h off off off off on * during soft-start sequence, the low side part is switching. ** protections are reset in this mode the ir 3220s over-current is set at 30a which is low enough to protect the whole application. the soft-start rc time constant has to be designed in order to keep the maximum in-rush current below the i shutdown (application worst case - see an 1032 ). the total switching sequence is about 1.4 times the rc time constant. a smoother start-up is even achievable by slightly increasing the rc values. however, the soft-start sequence should remain short enough not to trip the over-temperature protection (tj while free-wheeling). the truth table shows that the soft-start sequence can be interrupted at any time. but a minimum time is needed prior to any change in the direction or re-start of a new ss sequence. actually, the capacitor of the rc network has to be discharged and the motor fully stopped first otherwise the over-current protection might trip during the next turn-on. the protections turn off the high side mosfets so that no braking sequence follows the fault detection. both in1 and in2 have to go low for a minimum time in order to reset the fault circuitry. when both inputs are back to the low level, the h-bridge is in the braking mode and the motor shorted. in this mode, no protection is activated and the peak current due to the braking is not monitored. after 300 ms, the i.c sleep mode is activated and the consumption is reduced down to few micro-amps. the low side gate drivers keep the gates high so the motor remains shorted. when using end switches, the i.c goes into the low consumption mode as soon as the mechanical stop are reached. when interfacing such switches directly to the ir 3220s, de-bounc- ing rc networks have to be implemented on the input pins in order to prevent false over-current detection.
IR3220S 4 www.irf.com typical connection t t t t t t in1 in2 ss m1 m2 motor current braking mode (m1 & m2 grounded) stand-by mode (m1 & m2 opened) soft-start sequence in1(2) & m1(2) timing diagrams ls gate 1 ls gate 2 vcc ss dg in 1 in 2 m 1 m 2 d s micro controller clockwise motion diagnostic feedback counter clockwise motion electrical stop vrc + 5 v gnd electrical stop d s g so 8 mosfet ir 3220 g so 8 mosfet 0 v + bat. 10 k 10 k 10 k r c deboucing rc networks ( e.g 10 nf ) 1 k 1 k s
IR3220S www.irf.com 5 the pwm generator is based on a 3v saw-tooth oscillator. the soft-start sequence takes advantage of the rc charge profile in order to perform a smooth duty cycle variation. when the ss pin is below 1.2v, no pwm signal is sent to the low side mosfets. when it exceeds 4.2v, they are permanently on. by designing the proper rc network, the start-up can either be very slow without any in-rush current or, fast and efficient by shortening the pwm sequence. in addition to the quiescent braking mode, the ir 3220s is able to open the four mosfets simultaneously if the mechanical load requires its natural slow-down (stand-by mode without braking). the four modes and their corresponding dc motor current profiles are summarized in the timing diagram. over-load protection is achieved thanks to the i.c temperature shutdown protection. by using the recom- mended part number and the proper cooling, the whole h-bridge is protected by the ir 3220s?s inner over- temperature circuitry (see an 1032). a micro-controller is able to directly drive the pwm duty cycle by forcing a 0 to 5v voltage on the ss pin (e.g. through a 10k resistor). thus, closing a speed or torque control loop for advanced applications becomes very easy. since the low side mosfets are the only ones switching, the ir 3220s body diodes offer the freewheeling path to the motor. the power dissipated in each body diode while switching may appear high enough to trip the over-temperature protection. for permanent switching operation, external schottky diodes should be implemented between each output (m1 & m2) and the vcc pin. permanent switching operation (without external rc time constant) copper plates added to the footprints will improve the cooling. however, the low side mosfets should always remain colder and thermally independent from the ir 3220s. the power path has to be designed carefully and shall include both a decoupling capacitor (e.g. 100 nf ceramic) and a reservoir capacitor (e.g. cres ( uf). = i pk soft-start (a) x 25). the window-lifter is a good example where the ir 3220s?s pwm ability greatly en- hances the application. the current is monitored thanks to a shunt and sent back to the micro-controller which takes over the torque control loop (anti-pinch function). micro controller speed direction & braking diagnostic +5v 0v +bat -bat ir 3220 dg in1 in2 ss dc motor over-voltage protection additional schottky diodes additional schottky diodes have to be implemented if the i.c temperature appears too high. a over-voltage protection may be needed depending on the power supply wire length star connection gnd vcc irf 7484 irf 7484 s
IR3220S 6 www.irf.com in addition, the soft-start sequence pro- vides a smooth motion of the window. torque or speed controls are also achievable without any micro-control- ler. with a few additional components, the ir 3220s can be the ??power stage?? of an overall analog control loop. the ss pin is then used as the pwm duty cycle input (continuous switching op- eration requires high cooling capabil- ity) for actuators, the pwm soft start sequence helps reduce the speed before reaching the end switches. there- fore, the braking time is very short and the actuator final position is then accurate and repeatable as shown hereunder. mechanical stops under torque control are also possible by controlling the motor current through the pwm duty cycle. +bat -bat ir 3220 dg in1 in2 ss irf 7484 irf 7484 shunt when an obstacle is encountered, the up controls the torque thanks to the ss pin. + vcc dg d d d d d d d d s s s s s s g in 1 in 2 dg g1 g2 m2 m2 m2 m1 m1 m1 vcc vcc vcc vcc gnd ir 3220 rev fwd 100 nf 1000 uf irf7484 ss vrc gnd c r1 irf7484 r2 fwd rev g speed motion braking braking rev fwd soft-start ( pwm ) low speed ( pwm )
IR3220S www.irf.com 7 thermal characteristics symbol parameter typ. max. units r th 1 junction to ambient thermal resistance (std footprint) 80 ? r th 2 junction to ambient thermal resistance (1" sq. footprint) 60 ? c/w absolute maximum ratings indicate sustained limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. all voltage param- eters are referenced to gnd lead. (t ambient = 25 o c unless otherwise specified). symbols with (2) refer to m2 output. symbol parameter min. max. units v m 1 (2) maximum m1 (m2) voltage (active clamp) v cc-37 v cc+0.3 v in1 (2) maximum in 1 (in 2) voltage -0.3 5.5 vcc/gnd maximum vcc pin to gnd pin voltage -0.3 45 i in1 (2) maximum in1 (in 2) current -1 10 ma vg1 (2) maximum gate 1 ( gate 2 ) voltage -0.3 7.5 vss maximum ss voltage -0.3 5.5 vrc maximum vrc voltage -0.3 5.5 irc maximum output current of the vrc pin ? 1 ma vdg maximum diagnostic output voltage -0.3 5.5 v idg maximum diagnostic output current -1 10 ma isd cont. diode max. permanent current (rth=80c/w) (1) ? 2.0 (rth=60c/w) (1) ? 3.0 isd pulsed diode max. pulsed current (1) ? 15 esd 1 electrostatic discharge ( human body model c=100pf, r=1500 ? ) ? 4 esd 2 electrostatic discharge ( machine model c=200pf, r=0 ?, l=10 h) ? 0.5 pd maximum power dissipation ( rth = 80c/w ) ? 1.5 w tj max. max. storage & operating junction temperature -40 +150 t l lead temperature ( soldering 10 seconds ) ? 300 vcc/gnd max. maximum vcc to gnd voltage (0.4 s - single pulse) ? 60 v ig1 (2) max. maximum transient gate current (ton < 5 s) ? 100 ig1 (2) avg. maximum average gate current ? 10 v v a c (1) limited by junction temperature. absolute maximum ratings kv ma
IR3220S 8 www.irf.com symbol parameter min. max. units v cc continuous vcc voltage (2) 8 28 v in1 (2) high level in 1 (in 2) input voltage 4 5.5 v in1 (2) low level in 1 (in 2) input voltage -0.3 0.9 iout t a=85c continuous output current (std footprint - tj = 150c) ? 6.0 iout t a=105c continuous output current (std footprint - tj = 150c) ? 5.0 r in recommended resistor in series with in pin 0.5 5 r dg recommended pull-up resistor on dg pin 10 20 r soft-start resistor 20 200 c soft-start capacitor 0.1 3.3 f r gate recommended gate resistor for low side switch 0 50 ? lm min. minimum motor inductance required 10 ? h recommended operating conditions these values are given for a quick design. for operation outside these conditions, please consult the application notes. v a k ? symbol parameter min. typ. max. units test conditions rds1 on on state resistance tj = 25 o c ?11 13 rds2 on on state resistance tj = 150 o c ?18 22 vcc oper. functional voltage range 5.5 ? 35 vclamp1 (2) vcc to m1 (m2) clamp voltage 37 40 48 id =10ma see figs.1,2 vf1 (2) body diode 1 (2) forward voltage ? 0.9 ? id = 5a, vin1,2 = 0v im1 (2) leakage m1 (m2) output leakage current ? 10 50 icc off supply current when off (sleep mode) ?10 50 icc on supply current when on ? 8 12 ma vin1 = 5v vdgl low level diagnostic output voltage ? 0.4 ? v idg = 1.0ma idg leakage diagnostic output leakage current ? ? 10 a vdg = 4.5v vih1 (2) th. in1 (in2) high threshold voltage ? 2.6 3.4 vil1 (2) th. in1 (in2) low threshold voltage 1.0 2.0 ? iin1 (2) on state in1 (in2) positive current ? 30 80 a vin1, 2 = 5v vccuv+ vcc uvlo positive going threshold ? 5 ? vccuv- vcc uvlo negative going threshold ? 4 ? vss+ ss high level threshold ? 4.2 4.8 vss- ss low level threshold 0.8 1.2 ? iss leakage ss pin leakage current ? 0.1 10 a vss = 5v vrc typical voltage of the vrc pin ? 5.3 ? irc = 0.25ma in1(2) hys in1 (2) input hysteresis 0.2 0.7 1.5 iin = 1ma static electrical characteristics (t j = 25 o c, v cc = 14v unless otherwise specified.) m ? vin1,2 = 5v,1m1,2 = 5a vm1, 2 = 0v; tj = 25c vin1(2) = 0v, vcc=12v v a v v v
IR3220S www.irf.com 9 switching electrical characteristics v cc = 14v, resistive load = 3.0 ? , t j = 25 o c, (unless otherwise specified). symbol parameter min. typ. max. units t est conditions td on turn-on delay time ? 55 100 t r1 rise time to vout = vcc -5v ? 3 30 tr2 rise time from the end of tr1 to v out = 90% of v cc ? 40 200 d v/dt (on) turn on d v/dt ? 3 ? v/ s tdoff turn-off delay time ? 30 80 tf fall time to vout = 10% of vcc ? 16 50 dv/dt (off) turn off dv/dt ? 2 ? v/ s in1 (2) max. freq. max. frequency on in1 (in2) ? 500 ? hz dt=0.5 none braking mode(2) soft-start freq. soft-start oscillator frequency 15 22 30 khz ig1 (2) min. min. gate 1 (gate 2) current 50 80 ? ma low side driver trd min. in1 (2) off time to reset ss ? 8.0 ? ms c=3.3 f, in1 = in2 vg1 gate 1 (gate 2) voltage ? 7 ? v tin1 (2) minimum in1 (2) on state for operation 200 350 550 s vst shoot-through protection threshold 1.1 2.3 3.3 v see an-1032 see figure 3 s s see figure 4 symbol parameter min. t yp. max. units t est condition s tsd over-temperature threshold ? 165 ? o c see figure 2 isd over-current threshold 24 30 38 a see figure 2 treset reset time ? 100 ? s in1 = in2 = 0v protection characteristics note 1: the low side switches present sufficient cooling capability in order to have the whole h bridge function protected by the IR3220S inner temperature sensor. note 2: switching in the none braking mode consists in cycling one of the inputs while the other one is held at the high logic level.
IR3220S 10 www.irf.com vcc vcc m1 m1 m1 nc g1 gnd in1vrc vcc vcc m2 m2 m2 nc g2 in2 dg ss lead assignments 20 lead - soic (wide body) 8 lead - soic part number IR3220S irf7484q d d d d s s s g vcc positive power supply in1 logic input 1 ( leg 1 cdt. / mode ) m1 motor 1 output ( high side source - leg 1 ) in2 logic input 2 ( leg 2 cdt. / mode ) m2 motor 2 output ( high side source - leg 2 ) dg diagnostic output ( open drain ) g1 gate 1 drive output ( low side gate - leg 1 ) vrc voltage ref. output ( soft-start rc ) g2 gate 2 drive output ( low side gate - leg 2 ) ss rc soft-start input ( the voltage on this input gnd power supply return drives the switching duty cycle ) lead definitions
IR3220S www.irf.com 11 in1 ( 2 ) m1 ( 2 ) 90% 10% td off tf dv/dt off in 1(2) m1 (2) vcc - 5 v 90% vcc 10% td on tr 1 tr 2 dv/dt on figure 3 - switching time definitions (turn-on) figure 4 - switching time definitions (turn-off) figure 1 - active clamp waveforms tsd in1 ( 2 ) i m1(2) i shutdown tj t < t reset t > t reset 5 v 0 v t shutdown dg 5 v 0 v i m1 ( 2 ) m1(2) in1 (2) t clamp v clamp ( + vcc ) ( see ips appl . notes to evaluate power dissipation ) 0 v figure 2 - protection timing diagram
IR3220S 12 www.irf.com 0 10 20 30 40 50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 figure 6 - in1 (2) current ( a) vs tj ( o c) 0 1 2 3 4 5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 ----- in1h(2) -- -- in1l(2) - - - -in1(2) hysteresis figure 5 - in1 (2) thresholds (v) vs tj ( o c) 0 10 20 30 40 50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 figure 7 - iccoff ( a) vs tj ( o c) 0 10 20 30 40 50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 figure 8 - typ. i shutdown (a) vs tj ( o c)
IR3220S www.irf.com 13 0 10 20 30 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 figure 11 - rdson (m ? ) vs tj ( o c) figure 12 - max. cont. current (a) vs amb. temp. ( o c) 0 2,5 5 7,5 10 12,5 15 -50 0 50 100 150 200 - - - 1?? square footprint ------- standard footprint 0 5 10 15 20 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2 vf @25 c vf @ 150 c 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 02468101214161820 figure 9 - body diode : ids (a) vs vds (v) figure 10 - rds(on) (m ? ) vs vcc (v)
IR3220S 14 www.irf.com 10 100 1000 1,e-06 1,e-05 1,e-04 1,e-03 1,e-02 1,e-01 1,e+00 1,e+01 1,e+02 figure 14 - isd (a) vs time (s) 0,01 0,1 1 10 100 rth std footprint figure 13 - transient rth ( o c/w) vs time (s) case outline - 8 lead soic (ms-012aa) 01-0021 09
IR3220S www.irf.com 15 ir world headquarters: 233 kansas st., el segundo, california 90245 tel: (310) 252-7105 data and specifications subject to change without notice. 9/18/2003 case outline (ms-013ac) 01-3080 00 20 lead soic (wide body)

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